What is Abandoned Mine Drainage (AMD) ?

How is it caused?

 

What are the problems associated with AMD?

What is the chemical equation for the formation of AMD? 

 

Do you recognize the elements involved? What are they?

 

How is AMD treated?

 

What is passive treatment?  Why is it used? How does it compare to chemical treatments?

Explain the effect of AMD on Pennsylvania waters.

 

Where does funding come from for reclamation efforts?

Write down some interesting or startling facts about AMD.

 

Describe some projects that are being done in PA.

 

What is the difference between coal mining in eastern and western PA?

 

How are these two coals used differently?

 

Are there streams and rivers that have been affected by AMD near your community, home or school?

 

How many PA counties have problems with AMD?

 

What has been done so far in PA to remediate AMD?

How does the history of coal mining in PA relate to current problems with AMD?

 

When did mining begin?

 

Is mining still occurring in PA?

Explain some of the factors that influence the health of the aquatic life in streams.

 

Discuss tolerances and hydrogen ion concentration.

 

What does the mining industry do to act environmentally responsible?

 

How does PA compare to other states in terms of the number of lands affected by AMD and AML?

Think about AMD. Discuss your reaction to the information you have read through in this web site.