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Chloride and Salinity Procedure

Materials:
CBL system
TI-83 Plus graphing calculator
CHEMBIO program
Chloride Ion-Selective Electrode
Vernier adapter cable
Vernier ISE Amplifier
Calculator-to-CBL link cable
Texas Instruments AC 9201 adapter (or use batteries)
Low standard
High standard
ISE soaking bottle
Distilled or de-ionized water
Tissues or paper towels
cup attached to a rod
lab wipe tissue
 
2 Point Chloride Calibration & Testing Procedure:
1. Pour some of the HIGH STANDARD into the ISE soaking bottle with the lid off.
2. Put the electrode into the lid and screw the lid on the bottle. Make sure that the electrode is not resting at the bottom of the container, and that the small white reference points are submerged in the fluid. Make sure there are no air bubbles trapped below the electrode.
3. The Chloride ISE should be soaking in the HIGH standard for 30 minutes or longer, but it must not soak for more than 24 hours.
4. Later, connect the CBL System to the TI-83 Plus graphing calculator using the link cable.
5. Plug the Texas Instruments AC 9201 adapter into the CBL system
6. Plug the Vernier adapter cable into Channel 1 of the CBL system.
7. Plug the Vernier ISE amplifier into the Vernier adapter cable.
8. Plug the Chloride Ion-Selective Electrode into the Vernier ISE amplifier
9. Turn on the CBL system and the TI-83 graphing calculator.
10. Select APPS on the calculator.
11. Start the CHEMBIO program (3).
12. Press ENTER to proceed to the main menu.
13. Select SET UP PROBES from the MAIN MENU.
14. Enter 1as the number of probes.
15. Select ION SELECTIVE from the SELECT PROBE menu (this will require MORE PROBES several times).
16. Select Chloride ISE (3) from the SELECT PROBE menu.
17. Enter 1as the channel number.
18. Select PERFORM NEW from the CALIBRATION menu.
19. Press ENTER after the system warms up for 30 seconds.
20. Make sure the voltage reading on the CBL is stable before pressing TRIGGER
21. Enter1000 on the calculator.
22. Remove the electrode from the bottle by loosening the lid.
23. Rinse the electrode with distilled or de-ionized water.
24. Gently blot the electrode dry with the lab wipe.
25. Place the electrode into the LOW standard and make sure it is not resting at the bottom and the small white reference points are immersed. Make sure there are no air bubbles trapped under the electrode.
26. Briefly stir the solution with the electrode, then hold it still until the voltage reading on the CBL stabilizes. Press TRIGGER on the CBL.
27. Enter 10as the reference point onto the calculator.
28. Rinse the electrode with distilled or de-ionized water.
29. Gently blot the electrode dry with lab wipe.
30. Select COLELCT DATA (2) from the MAIN MENU.
31. Select SINGLE POINT (5) from the DATA COLLECTION menu.
32. Place the electrode into the cup filled with water collected from the stream far from the shore and below the water‚s surface.
33. Make sure the electrode is not resting at the bottom and the small white reference points are immersed. Make sure there are no air bubbles trapped under the electrode.
34. Briefly stir the sample water with the electrode, then hold it still until the voltage reading on the CBL stabilizes. Press TRIGGER on the CBL.
35. Press ENTER to begin sampling. Make sure you hold the electrode still for 25 seconds.
36. Record the chloride concentration that appears on the calculator screen. If the reading is less than 1.8 mg/L, write <1.8
37. Press ENTER, then select YES to repeat the measurement.
38. Press ENTER to obtain a second reading.
39. Record measurement.
40. Press ENTER, then select NO to return to the main menu.
41. Rinse the electrode with distilled or de-ionized water.
42. Gently blot the electrode dry with lab wipe.
43. Determine the Salinity concentration:
44.Salinity (ppt) = 0.0018066 x [Cl-] mg/L
45. Record this value.

 

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